Hiring foreign talent in Vietnam requires more than just finding the right candidate; it also means securing the proper legal authorization. A work permit serves as official approval for non-residents to be employed in the country, and it’s the employer’s responsibility to obtain it correctly. 

However, for foreign companies, understanding Vietnam’s specific documentation and procedural rules can be tricky. This article breaks down how to get a work permit in Vietnam, helping businesses tackle the process with clarity and confidence.

Key Takeaways

  • Foreign employees must have a valid work permit to legally work in Vietnam; employers are responsible for obtaining it.
  • Work permits authorize employment, while visas allow entry and residence; both are required for foreign hires.
  • Employers must meet eligibility criteria, justify hiring non-residents, and comply with salary, labor, and tax rules.
  • Applications require complete documentation, timely submission, and ongoing compliance to avoid fines or permit revocation.
  • Early preparation and understanding of Vietnam’s process help businesses minimize delays and ensure smooth hiring.

Why Foreign Companies Must Understand Vietnam Work Permits

For any international business expanding into Vietnam, understanding the rules around employing foreign workers is non-negotiable. Knowing how to get a work permit in Vietnam ensures that hiring and operations remain fully compliant with local labor laws and avoid unnecessary setbacks or penalties.

Without the correct permits in place, companies can face:

  • Regulatory fines and legal disputes
  • Suspension of business activities
  • Difficulties renewing visas or expanding operations

Vietnam takes a structured approach to foreign employment. Employers must justify the need for hiring a non-resident, prepare a detailed application package, and coordinate with government authorities for approval. These steps confirm that local recruitment options have been considered and that the foreign hire brings essential expertise to the company.

The employer bears full responsibility for ensuring accuracy and timely submission. From an operational standpoint, companies should plan ahead for:

  • Application costs: Fees for processing, legalization, and potential service provider assistance
  • Processing time: Typically several weeks, depending on the employee’s role and location
  • Documentation: Valid passports, educational credentials, legalized certificates, and recent health checks

For startups and established enterprises alike, a clear understanding of Vietnam’s work permit system is vital. It not only safeguards business continuity but also builds a foundation of trust with local regulators and partners, essential for long-term success in Vietnam’s fast-growing market.

Understanding Key Terms: Work Permit vs. Work Visa in Vietnam

Before diving into how to obtain a work permit in Vietnam, it’s important to understand the difference between a work permit and a work visa. Although both are essential for employing foreign nationals, they serve very different purposes in Vietnam’s legal framework.

Understanding how they connect is crucial for companies bringing international talent into the country.

Work Permit

A work permit (Giấy phép lao động) is an official document issued by Vietnamese authorities allowing a foreign national to legally work in the country. It confirms that the individual meets the specific requirements set out in Vietnam’s labor laws, such as qualifications, job relevance, and employer sponsorship. Once granted, the foreign employee is recognized as working legally and is entitled to full labor rights and protections under Vietnamese law.

Work Visa

A work visa (business visa), on the other hand, serves as the entry authorization that allows the foreign worker to legally enter and stay in Vietnam for employment or business purposes. While the work permit validates the employment relationship, the visa governs the right to remain in the country.

Here’s the key distinction:

  • The work permit is employer-driven: applied for and processed by the hiring company in Vietnam.
  • The work visa is individual-focused: it allows the employee to legally enter and reside in Vietnam once the permit is approved.

In practice, both documents are interconnected. The employer must first secure the work permit before the employee can obtain or renew their visa. Understanding this relationship helps companies maintain compliance and streamline hiring procedures for foreign staff.

Eligibility Criteria for Foreign Employers Sponsoring Work Permits

When a foreign business wants to bring in non-resident staff, understanding how to get a work permit in Vietnam begins with meeting employer eligibility. Here’s what foreign-employing companies must satisfy:

  • Company registration and local presence:
    • The employer must be a business entity established under the Law on Enterprises or the Investment Law (or under an international treaty to which Vietnam is a party).
    • Representative offices, branches and contractors licensed under Vietnamese law can also act as sponsoring entities.
  • Demonstrated business capability: Although there is no standard public threshold for minimum revenue or capital outlined for all sectors, companies must prove they have genuine business operations sufficient to employ foreign talent.
  • Recruitment effort and documentation: Employers must justify the need for hiring a foreigner, showing that the role is for a manager, expert or technician and that local Vietnamese labor cannot fill it.

By ensuring your company meets these eligibility criteria from the outset, you lay a strong foundation for the work permit process and enhance the likelihood of a smooth outcome.

Types of Work Permits Available in Vietnam

Unlike some countries that issue multiple categories of work authorization, Vietnam’s system is relatively straightforward. There are no separate types of work permits in Vietnam; it’s essentially one document issued to foreign employees who meet the eligibility criteria.

However, the specifics of each permit can vary depending on:

  • The nature of employment (e.g., expert, manager, or technician)
  • The duration of the contract
  • The type of organization sponsoring the worker

These factors also determine which visa the employee will need to enter and stay in Vietnam legally. Below are some common visa categories available to foreign workers:

  • Vietnam Labor Visa (LD1 and LD2):
    • The Labor Visa is suitable for foreign nationals working under a Vietnamese company.
    • It’s valid for up to one year and can later be extended through a temporary residence card (up to 10 years).
    • LD1 applies to individuals exempted from the work permit requirement.
    • LD2 applies to those who hold a valid work permit.
  • Vietnam Business Visa (DN1 and DN2):
    • The Business Visa is designed for foreigners entering Vietnam for commercial or investment activities.
    • DN1 is issued for collaboration with a legally registered Vietnamese entity.
    • DN2 applies when offering services or establishing a commercial presence independently (generally not applicable to companies).

Understanding these distinctions helps employers match the right visa with the appropriate employment status, ensuring full compliance throughout the hiring process.

Step-by-Step: How to Get / Apply for a Work Permit in Vietnam

Knowing how to apply for a work permit in Vietnam is essential for any company hiring foreign employees. The process is primarily employer-driven, requiring careful planning, document preparation, and coordination with local authorities. Here’s how it works:

Step 1: Determine the Need and Permit Type

Before hiring, the employer must identify whether the role qualifies for foreign employment (manager, expert, or technician). This step ensures the position meets Vietnam’s labor requirements.

Step 2: Request Approval to Hire Foreign Workers

  • Submit a written request to the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs (MOLISA) or the provincial People’s Committee at least 30 days before the employee’s start date.
  • Employers can now submit online at dvc.vieclamvietnam.gov.vn.
  • Authorities review and issue approval within 12 days if the application is valid.

Step 3: Prepare and Submit the Work Permit Application

Once approval to hire is received, the employer must:

  • Prepare the application dossier, including the Form of Explanation, copies of qualifications, a health certificate, and a criminal record.
  • Submit it to the provincial Department of Labor or MOLISA at least 15 days before the employment start date.

Step 4: Receive Decision and Pay Fees

  • If approved, pay the required work permit fee and collect the official document.
  • If corrections are needed, the employer will be notified to update missing information.

By following these steps carefully, foreign employers can ensure compliance and avoid costly delays in the hiring process.

Required Documents & Compliance Checklist

Understanding how to get a work permit in Vietnam also means preparing a complete and compliant set of documents. Both the employer and employee must provide specific paperwork to support the application.

Required documents include:

From the Employer:

  • Completed Application Form (Form No.11/PL1, Decree 152/2020/ND-CP)
  • Approval of demand for hiring foreign workers
  • Employment contract or appointment letter (if applicable)
  • Notarized copy of the company’s registration certificate

From the Employee:

  • Health certificate (issued within 12 months)
  • Criminal record certificate (issued within 6 months)
  • Qualification documents (degree, experience certificate, or license, depending on the role)
  • Passport copy and 2 recent photos (4x6cm)
  • Supporting documents for specific roles (e.g., pilot license, sports certification, or transfer letter)

All foreign-issued documents must be translated into Vietnamese, notarized, and authenticated by local authorities or a Vietnamese embassy. Ensuring document accuracy and compliance prevents application delays or rejection.

Cost, Processing Time & Validity

Understanding the cost, timeline, and duration of a Vietnam work permit helps employers and foreign workers plan ahead and stay compliant with local regulations. Below is a breakdown of each key aspect.

  • Cost: The cost of a work permit in Vietnam varies by location and local authority. For instance, the fee for a new work permit is around VND 400,000 in Hanoi and VND 600,000 in Ho Chi Minh City, with some provinces charging up to VND 1,000,000. Employers are responsible for paying these government fees, along with any service or agency costs if they use third-party assistance.
  • Processing Time: Once the application is submitted, the Ministry or Department of Labor typically issues the permit within 5 working days, provided all documents are complete and accurate.
  • Validity & Renewal: Work permits are valid for up to 2 years, depending on the employment contract, assignment duration, or project timeline. Employers should apply for renewal or reissuance at least 45 days before expiry to ensure continuous compliance.

Overall, Vietnam’s work permit framework is structured yet manageable when approached with proper preparation. By understanding the costs, timelines, and renewal requirements in advance, employers can ensure a smooth and compliant hiring process for their foreign staff.

Employer Responsibilities & Post-Approval Compliance

Securing a work permit is only the beginning, as employers must also maintain compliance throughout the employment period. Understanding these responsibilities is crucial when learning how to get a work permit in Vietnam and ensuring long-term legal employment.

Key responsibilities include:

  • Monitoring and Reporting Changes: Employers must report any changes to the employee’s job title, workplace, salary, or contract terms to the Department of Labor. Failure to notify authorities promptly can lead to fines or permit revocation.
  • Compliance with Labor and Tax Regulations: Foreign employees must be registered for income tax and social insurance where applicable. Employers are responsible for withholding taxes and contributing to social insurance if the worker is under a long-term contract.
  • Permit Cancellation or Suspension: If an employee resigns, is terminated, or changes employers, the company must cancel the work permit.
  • Record-Keeping and Renewals: Employers must keep updated records of work permits and renew them before expiry.
  • Cooperation During Inspections: Labor authorities may conduct periodic audits, and companies must cooperate and provide required documentation to comply and retain the right to operate legally.

These ongoing responsibilities help maintain transparency, legal compliance, and smooth operations for both employer and employee.

Common Pitfalls & Risk Mitigation for Foreign Companies

Applying for work permits in Vietnam can be complex, and even small oversights can lead to costly delays or rejections. Foreign employers should be aware of the following pitfalls and how to avoid them.

  • Incomplete or Incorrect Documentation: Missing translations, invalid notarization, or incomplete approvals are frequent causes of rejection. Always cross-check documentation against local authority requirements before submission.
  • Misclassifying Job Roles or Permit Types: Incorrectly categorizing a foreign worker’s position, for example, labeling a technical expert as a manager, can result in permit cancellation. Ensure the role aligns with the qualifications submitted.
  • Missing Application or Renewal Deadlines: Late filings can lead to temporary work stoppages. Maintain a compliance calendar to track all renewal and reporting dates.
  • Overlooking Labor Law and Contract Compliance: Ignoring local employment norms, such as contract language or probation rules, can lead to disputes.

By staying proactive and understanding Vietnam’s detailed compliance framework, foreign employers can minimize costly setbacks and maintain smooth operations. However, since labor and immigration laws evolve frequently, partnering with an expert can make all the difference.

How Commenda Helps Foreign Companies Establish Their Presence in Vietnam

For businesses unfamiliar with Vietnam’s local regulatory environment, expert guidance can make the process a lot smoother.

Commenda helps foreign entities establish a local presence, manage incorporation, and handle ongoing compliance through an all-in-one platform. With our end-to-end support, your business can focus on operations while staying fully aligned with Vietnam’s employment and corporate regulations. 

Ready to simplify your expansion into Vietnam? Book a free demo today!

Conclusion & Next Steps

Securing the right work permit in Vietnam requires careful planning, accurate documentation, and compliance with local labor laws. Foreign companies should perform due diligence, ensure the correct permit type is selected, and maintain compliance even after approval to avoid penalties or disruptions.

Commenda provides expert guidance and full support for establishing and managing a compliant local entity in Vietnam, giving foreign companies a strong foundation to hire the best talent. Get expert support to set up your Vietnam operations confidently today!

FAQs

Q. What is the cost of a work permit in Vietnam for foreign employees?

The cost of a work permit in Vietnam varies by location. In Hanoi, the fee is about VND 400,000, while in Ho Chi Minh City it’s around VND 600,000. The highest permitted fee can reach VND 1,000,000. Employers typically cover this expense.

Q. How long does it take to apply for a work permit in Vietnam?

The standard processing time is about 5 working days once all documents are correctly submitted and approved by the Ministry or Department of Labor.

Q. What types of work permits in Vietnam are available?

Common types include expert, manager, and technical worker permits. Each type has specific eligibility requirements and documentation.

Q. Can a foreign company apply for a work permit in Vietnam without a local office?

No, a local entity or representative office is required to sponsor and submit applications on behalf of foreign employees.

Q. What risks exist if a foreign company fails to comply after getting a work permit in Vietnam?

Non-compliance can lead to permit cancellation, fines, or business suspension. Repeat violations may also affect future hiring approvals.

Q. Can the foreign employee change jobs or employers under the work permit?

No, work permits are employer-specific. A new permit is required if the employee changes jobs or companies.

Q. How to renew or extend a work permit in Vietnam?

Employers must apply for renewal at least 45 days before expiry. The extension period typically matches the original permit but cannot exceed two years.

Q. Is a work permit sufficient for visa entry, or is a separate visa needed?

A work permit alone is not enough. The employee must also obtain a work visa or temporary residence card to legally stay and work in Vietnam.