Belgium

Belgium offers strategic access to the EU single market with its central location at the crossroads of Western Europe, providing direct access to major markets like Germany, France, and the Netherlands. The country attracts significant foreign investment (€23 billion in 2023) with a highly skilled multilingual workforce (Dutch, French, German), world-class infrastructure including the Port of Antwerp, and stable political environment. Belgium supports business growth across diverse sectors with favorable tax incentives including reduced 20% corporate tax rates for SMEs on first €100,000 profit, R&D tax credits up to 40%, and extensive double taxation treaties with over 80 countries. The country is particularly attractive for startups and international businesses seeking EU market entry.

No, Belgium enables remote company setup through digital processes and proxy powers. The incorporation documents must be notarized by a Belgian notary, but this can be handled through apostilled power of attorney if you cannot travel to Belgium. Most administrative steps including registration with the Crossroads Bank for Enterprises (CBE), VAT registration, and bank account opening can be managed remotely or through local representatives. However, certain banks may require in-person verification for account opening, though many now accept video conferences with proper documentation.

After incorporation, Belgian companies must:

• File annual accounts with the National Bank of Belgium and maintain detailed corporate records
• Submit corporate income tax returns (standard rate: 25%, reduced 20% for SMEs up to €100,000)
• Register and report for VAT if applicable (21% standard rate)
• Comply with mandatory B2B e-invoicing from January 2026 using Peppol infrastructure
• Maintain payroll and social security filings for employees with NSSO
• Report beneficial ownership changes and update NACE-BEL activity codes (mandatory update to 2025 classification)
• File transfer pricing documentation for qualifying companies
• Belgium offers streamlined digital processes through online portals and the “one-stop-shop” system for most compliance tasks.

Yes, Belgium allows 100% foreign ownership of companies in most sectors with no restrictions or distinctions between Belgian and foreign companies. There are no citizenship or residency requirements for shareholders or directors, and foreign investors enjoy the same privileges as Belgian citizens. However, since July 1, 2023, Belgium implemented foreign investment screening rules for non-EU investors acquiring control or significant stakes (10-25% depending on sector) in companies active in sensitive sectors including defense, energy, cybersecurity, and critical infrastructure. This screening is managed by the Interfederal Screening Commission but does not prohibit foreign ownership.